Thursday, October 31, 2019

Denial or doubters of the environmental global warming Essay

Denial or doubters of the environmental global warming - Essay Example These experts include Frederick Seitz, Ph.D. Richard S. Lindzen, Ph.D., S. Fred Singer, Ph.D, Patrick J. Michaels, Ph.D.,Robert C. Balling, Jr. Ph. D.1 They have expressed doubts over climate change and challenged the consensus of mainstream scientists (Granados). This paper briefly explains the biggest theory of denial or doubters of the environmental global warming Lord Crimson (n. d) has cited the opinions of 19,000 scientists in order to argue against the established theories of global warming. These scientists have established that the current theories about the responsibility of the human in global warming are in question. They have signed a petition saying global warming is probably natural and not a crisis (Lord Crimson). United States is depending heavily (around 85%) on fossil fuels for its energy needs. Fossil fuels are exhausting day by day and it is difficult for United Sates to meet all its energy needs in future in the absence of fossil fuels. So, they want to reduce the usage of fossil fuels as much as possible by other countries and for that purpose they have attributed the global warming problem to the emissions from the fossil fuels. â€Å"Dr Sami Solanki, the director of the renowned Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research in Gottingen, Germany, ha conducted a research in order to find out the reasons behind global warming. He has concluded that the Sun has been at its strongest over the past 60 years and may now be affecting global temperatures† (The Global Warming Scam). In other worlds, instead of searching for the reasons of global warming on earth, we must look in to the sky to find out reasons. The solar radiations were intensified a lot for the last 1000years as per the studies conducted by Dr. Solanki. These rise in solar temperature causing the atmospheric temperature rise and melting of ice from the Polar Regions. Increased amount of flood, the sea level rise and the melting of huge ice blocks

Tuesday, October 29, 2019

Act 2- Proctors house Essay Example for Free

Act 2- Proctors house Essay The crucible is set in the early 1920s in a place called Salem in Massachusetts America. The story is based on the problem of witchcraft; to be a witch or warlock in those days was unforgivable. The people living in Salem were all strict Puritans and anything un-natural was said to be wrong. Anyone with any evidence of another being in contact with the devil was immediately taken to court for a case, they could be imprisoned for many years or worse killed. As you can imagine this arose a great deal of problems including peoples greed or jealousy taking over their moral beliefs. People would accuse others to get what they wanted e.g. land. Act 2- Proctors house. Role of Elizabeth  Elizabeth- What keeps you so late? Its almost dark.  At this point in the story Elizabeth still has a slightly higher status than her husband, and has done for quite a while this is because he is the one that has sinned and still needs to watch his step if he wants to keep her as his wife. As she walks in from singing to the children, she will be looking at her husband at first, then look out side swiftly when she says Its almost dark. She asks a question about his work to be polite, not necessarily interested so will be busy with something on the table, e.g. a candle stick. When she has to respond to Proctor asking if the boys are asleep she will look up from what she is doing and answer while walking quickly over to the fireplace. She answers vaguely to Proctors wishing for a fair summer.  When Proctor asks if she is well today She turns around with the plate of his food and smiles kindly and responds I am Although not returning the question. She then nods at the plate and tells him it is rabbit. She then pulls out a chair and sits by him watching him sit down to eat. Her eyes never leave him apart from to look at the rabbit describing how painful it was for her to strip her. While she watches him taste it, there is a look of slight anticipation on her face to see his respond. She is still sitting up right facing him, perfect posture. It is at this point that their statuses are equal, she wants praise from him. Which when she gets she blushes and smiles, but asks for more; so asks- its tender? Maybe leaning slightly further forward, closing the distance that is between them. After proctor tells her that he means to please her, the eye contact becomes more intense for a split second but soon disappears. Her facial expression is of fake happiness maybe even slight sadness. As she replies she looks at Proctor for the beginning of the line I know it but then looks down when she says John. Indicating it is very hard for her to say. When Proctor tries to kiss her she does not lean in towards it but sits very still and up right in her chair, looking away. She receives it but does not return it. After he has sat down she continues to look at him, which is when he sullenly says Cider. In a thanking sort of way, for changing the subject she quickly stands replying Aye! The subject back onto the farm, Elizabeth still shows that there is something still annoying her. She walks quickly back with the cider and places it by him, and sits back down. Proctor then introduces the idea of flowers in the house, she answers quickly, and looking around, hands on the table and feet perfectly together on the floor. She says that she has forgotten, but this is not top on her list, so says it rather quickly, with the air of not really caring about it. Proctor then suggests that they go on a walk together one day to look at the flowers; he finishes the sentence with saying how beautiful Massachusetts is in the spring. Elizabeth only responds to this, not the walk through the wood together. Her answer is short and quick, and as she says it has a knowing look upon her face and nods slightly but it is obvious that she doesnt care and this is not what she is thinking about at the moment. There is a pause and she continues to watch him for a short while, with a look of enquiry and un-knowing on her face. When he does not say anything she gets up and picks up his plate and cutlery. She does this briskly not saying a word. She stands by the basin, after placing the plate and cutlery in it. She has her back to him and does not move, but waits.  Proctor then says I think youre sad again, are you? She doesnt reply immediately and still doesnt turn round, as if holding back words. She soon does however and when she speaks it is slowly, this is because she does not want an argument so she makes it look as if she is the one in the wrong asking herself a stupid question in her mind. This immediately lowers her status ever so slightly. His reply is harsh and sudden, which doesnt strike her, if anything makes her slightly more frightened, she rubs her hands around each other nervously but subtly, yet still stands tall. You did speak of going, earlier this week. As if reminding him, that she had good reason to think that he might have gone Salem that day.  When she tells him that Mary Warren had gone that day, she looks at him directly; she still does not move her body though, she announces it very clearly. After his reply she has weakened a little, she knew that by telling him this it would get to him, now she can see that he is holding back from shouting. This still gives her the upper status. So when she says I couldnt stop her. She shakes her head slightly but still watches him. She then goes on to say how Mary Warren frightened all her strength and power away from her, at this she will step forward, its now that she begins to use her body to express, all the way so far her torso has stayed upright. As she steps forward she looks Proctor in the eye. And she moves her arms forward, which shows her weakness breaking through.  It is a mouse no more. I forbid her to go, and she raises up her chin like the daughter or a prince and says to me, I must go to Salem, Goody Proctor, I am an official in the court!

Sunday, October 27, 2019

Enterprise Collaboration Tool Analysis

Enterprise Collaboration Tool Analysis Abstract: Enterprise Collaboration Tool is rethinking how technology can help companies manage customer relationships. ECT, the market leading CRM application, delivers a feature-rich set of business processes that enhance marketing effectiveness, drive sales performance, improve customer satisfaction and provide executive insight into business performance. Supported by deep collaboration and administration capabilities that adapt to how your company operates, ECT is delighting customers of all sizes across a broad range of industries. Enterprise Collaboration Tool is a powerful modular Internet/Intranet application framework. It features a scheduler, Meetings, Messaging, address book, file upload and download and feedback. Everything is designed to collaborate online. Objective Effective planning and scheduling of time bound work and monitoring the work done by the employees and effective use of online system to communicate and collaborate with the members of other centers of a decentralized organization. Scope System with adaptability to any organization to monitor the work done by people with respect to time and also assigning work. Features Captures daily work done by employees Provides communication module. Summary reports on work done by employees. Attendance report based on the entered work details. Online work log entry and work assignment. Address book to store the contact numbers and personal info Scheduler to keep mark notes on a particular day. Feedback, which ensures the management to look up the comments by the employee. Uploading and downloading facility Information about all the existing branches of the organization. The newsletters regarding the day-to-day affairs of the organization. The proposed Enterprise Collaboration Tool consists of a login screen from which the users and administrator could logon in to the system. In this System, the users are given different roles. Each role is associated with some services. The various roles are administrator employee, programmers etc. Admin is the head of all branches and is responsible for user management and branch administration. The Enterprise Collaboration Tool process starts with the creation of users and mapping their roles from the administrator login. The system will maintain the check-in time and checkout time daily and will allow the users to enter their worklog daily and has a provision to enter the yesterdays worklog details also (exemption given to enter backlogs of previous day). Company Profile: Verza Soft is quickly emerging as an innovative and essential business software applications development resource. Since 1985, Verza Soft has provided custom design, implementation and support solutions to a variety of information management industries and business environments. Experienced and intuitive, the professionals at Verza Soft understand how fast technologies change and we remain committed to solving the unique information management application challenges of todays business world while developing and evolving strategies for tomorrows. With over twenty combined years of professional software development experience, the principals at Verza Soft are business applications authorities. As specialists, weve learned to anticipate individual client application needs and design software suites to complement virtually every hardware technology. We offer 24-hour customer service and employ a qualified team of trainers, technicians and creative designers who assist in developing the comprehensive, user-friendly software programs that distinguish Verza Soft as the perfect answer to the often puzzling questions inherent in contemporary information management technologies. Weve been working on an offshore development model from day 1 and have perfected the process of onsite-offshore interaction over the past seven years. Our services are highly cost effective enabling our clients to get the best value for their money Working primarily within Sun family of productsto combine expert use of hardware technology and state-of-the-art software, Verza Soft is ware its at! From software programming and applications development including custom Internet integration to system architecture and technical design, through continuous support solutions, Verza Soft pieces together todays information management puzzle to create optimal, full integrated, interactive packages that best meet global business demands. Working one-on-one, we can develop innovative applications that not only satisfy your specific business requirements, but also complement your companys investment in essential information management technologies. Were dedicated to making you look good custom design ware by Verza Soft its the solution that fits! Verza Soft understands the significance of a good quality assurance (QA) process for creating world-class products. With hundreds of person-years of experience in the field of testing, it has expertise in the development and execution of tests for applications in the client/server, internet/web and the mobile space, using both automated and manual methodologies. Functional testing verifies whether a product/application performs as per specifications System Analysis: Existing System Here the existing system is nothing but a manual system using which the administrator task from the main branch becomes more complex to prepare schedules for all the employees working in different branches and sent them manually and tracking their status. Generating the different reports by co-relating different things is a tedious process. In this system the sub center individually manually maintains their database regarding employees daily work log, scheduled work, progress of work, attendance, leaves, payments etc.. and sends reports to the main centre through email attachments or by post. Unless and until the main centre manager receives reports from sub centers, he is unable to take decisions regarding employees and their salary, promotions, meetings, daily schedules, scheduled projects, customer details etc. Drawbacks: Doesnt provide effective co-ordination between different branches Doesnt provide role based security for the data Generating different kinds of reports becomes more complex Doesnt provide effective communication for our employees with in the company Doesnt allow the administrator to monitor overall activities of the company. These drawbacks of the existing system leads to the present web based application called Enterprise Collaboration Tool. There by the management is now relieved from all tensions from which they faced previously. Proposed System The proposed system is a software solution for the existing system. It is a powerful modular Internet/Intranet application framework which provides good co-ordination between our branches and allows the administrator to effectively track activities of the company. It features a scheduler, Worklog, Meetings, Messaging, address book, file upload and download and feedback. Everything is designed to collaborate online. Advantages: Provides effective co-ordination between different branches regarding work schedules through scheduler and worklog facilities. Improves the quality in planning and managing works Generating different reports will be very easy Provides a facility for the administrator to track overall activities of the company Provides good communication channel for the employees to interact with in the company Provides upload and download facilities to share the documents Provides a facility to collect the feedback from the employees Provides a facility for the employees to maintain the contacts in their address book. Feasibility Steady Feasibility steady is an important phase in the software development process. It enables the developer to have an assessment of the product being developed. It refers to the feasibility study of the product in terms of out comes of the product, operational use and technical support required for implementing it. Feasibility study should be performed on the basis of various criteria and parameters. The various feasibility studies are: Economic Feasibility Operational Feasibility Technical Feasibility Economic Feasibility: It refers to the benefits or outcomes we are deriving from the product as compared to the total cost we are spending for developing the product. If the benefits are more or less the same as the older system, then it is not feasible to develop the product. In this product if we have developed this application then the amount of time spent in preparing the schedules, sending it different branches and monitor the work will be reduced which indirectly increases the production for the company. Operational Feasibility: It refers to the feasibility of the product to be operational. Some products may work very well at design and implementation but may fail in the real time environment. It includes the study of additional human resource required and their technical expertise. This application will also work in any environment with out any problems since we are implementing this project in java language. Technical Feasibility: It refers to whether the software that is available in the market fully supports the present application. It studies the pros and cons of using a particular software for the development and its feasibility. It also studies the additional training needed to be given to the people to make the application work. For this project we need not recruit any additional staff to make use of this application. If we train our staff for one hour then it will be enough to work with application. Since this application uses the softwares which are already used by the company so that the company need not purchase new software to run this project. Software and Hardware Requirements: HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS: Pentium IV processes architecture 1. 512 MB RAM. 2. 160 GB Hard Disk Space. 3. Ethernet card. SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS Database : Oracle 10g XE Web Server : Apache Tomcat 5.0 Front end : JSP / Servlets, J2SDK 1.5, HTML, Java Script Functional Requirements Non Functional Requirements: Functional Requirements The main purpose of functional requirements within the requirement specification document is to define all the activities or operations that take place in the system. These are derived through interactions with the users of the system. Since the Requirements Specification is a comprehensive document contains a lot of data, it has been broken down into different Chapters in this report. But the general Functional Requirements arrived at the end of the interaction with the Users are listed below. A more detailed discussion is presented in the Chapters, which talk about the Analysis Design of the system. The system holds the details of the employees and their braches. It holds the schedules of different employees of the company. It holds the details of all works done by the employees. The system allows the administrator to manage different users. It also allows the administrator to prepare the schedules and assigns them to different employees. It allows the administrator to post the meeting details which will be displayed for all the employees. It allows the employees to store the customer contacts in their address book. It allows the administrator and employees to share the documents using upload and download facilities. It allows the employees to post their feedback It allows the administrator to view customer feedbacks. It allows the administrator to broadcast the news information It allows the employees to send a message to other employees or a group of employees at once. It allows the administrator to view work pending report NON-FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS: The non-functional requirements consist of Constraints. Guidelines. Constraints These are the requirements that are not directly related to the functionality of the system. These should be considered as mandatory when the system is developed. The following Constraints were arrived at for the system: The system should be available over the intranet so that the Users like the administrator employees can use the system from their respective locations which could be with in the company. For gaining entry into the system the employees should be registered by the administrator and should be able use login passwords for gaining access to the system. The users should be able to change their passwords for increased security. The system should be easy to understand and organized in a structured way. The users should also receive appropriate messages about any errors that occur. There should be no limitation about the hardware platform that is to be used to run the system. Data integrity should be maintained if an error occurs or the whole system comes down. Guidelines We have discussed mandatory requirements in the previous section. The requirements in this section should be taken as suggestions they should be thought of as recommendations to further enhance the usability of the system. The system should display a menu for users to choose from. The system should display users requests in a reasonable time. Services of the system should be available 24 hours a day. The system should be designed in such a way that it is easy to enhance it with more functionality. It should be scalable easily maintainable. Execution Methodology Methodology The different phases of the implementation of the project here is Phase 1 Business Process Requirements analysis Phase 2 System Requirements Specifications Phase 3 Design and Development Phase 4 Testing Debugging Phase 5 Implementation Phase 1 Business Process Requirements analysis Business Process Requirements analysis is the phase when the relevant business area is studied in detail. This process brings out the gaps between the existing systems and identifies the areas where the business operations should be modified, keeping in view the way it needs to be carried out to encounter the problems during this phase the required documents are prepared defining the existing and required setup for the project Phase 2 System Requirements Specifications The information about the requirements is collected which contains the information about the current user system and the proposed system as seen from the user perspective. At the end of this phase a detailed requirement specification document is prepared and approved. Phase 3 Design and Development In this phase the framework for the design of the proposed product is designed to meet the requirements specifications documented. The product is developed as per the framework to meet the objectives of the system requirement specifications approved. Phase 4 Testing Debugging This phase contains the preparation of test cases and the standards of testing. The end users using the dummy User Ids carry out the testing. Phase 5 Implementation The project enters the implementation phase when the product is ready to be implemented/piloted on the production environment and after thorough training to all the end users the product is implemented Project Estimates The estimated time lines for completing the implementation of the application identified and its approach is enumerated as below Phase Duration in weeks 1 Business Process Req.Analysis 2 System Requirements Specifications 3 Design and Development 4 Testing Debugging 5 Implementation Dubious use of the System If the user is deliberately going to handle the system improperly, like he can enter incorrect time/out or he may submit wrong worklog or feedback. The System is to be further developed to countercheck the employees entries with that of the local authorities. System Design: Logical Design Design for WebApps encompasses technical and non-technical activities. The look and feel of content is developed as part of graphic design; the aesthetic layout of the user interface is created as part of interface design; and the technical structure of the WebApp is modeled as part of architectural and navigational design. Dix argues that a Web engineer must design an interface so that it answers three primary questions for the end-user; Where am I? The interface should (1) provide an indication of the WebApp has been accessed and (2) inform the user of her location in the content. What can I do now? The interface should always help the user understand his current options- what functions are available, what links are live, what content is relevant. Where have I been; where am I going? The interface must facilitate navigation. Hence it must provide a â€Å"map† of where the user has been and what paths may be taken to move else where in the WebApp. Design goals- the following are the design goals that are applicable to virtually every WebApp regardless of application domain, size, or complexity. Simplicity Consistency Identity Visual appeal Compatibility. Design leads to a model that contains the appropriate mix of aesthetics, content, and technology. The mix will vary depending upon the nature of the WebApp, and as a consequence the design activities that are emphasized will also vary. The activities of the Design process; 1. Interface design-describes the structure and organization of the user interface. Includes a representation of screen layout, a definition of the modes of interaction, and a description of navigation mechanisms. Interface Control mechanisms- to implement navigation options, the designer selects form one of a number of interaction mechanism; a. Navigation menus b. Graphic icons c. Graphic images Interface Design work flow- the work flow begins with the identification of user, task, and environmental requirements. Once user tasks have been identified, user scenarios are created and analyzed to define a set of interface objects and actions. 2. Aesthetic design-also called graphic design, describes the â€Å"look and feel† of the WebApp. Includes color schemes, geometric layout. Text size, font and placement, the use of graphics, and related aesthetic decisions. 3. Content design-defines the layout, structure, and outline for all content that is presented as part of the WebApp. Establishes the relationships between content objects. 4. Navigation design-represents the navigational flow between contents objects and for all WebApp functions. 5. Architecture design-identifies the overall hypermedia structure for the WebApp. Architecture design is tied to the goals establish for a WebApp, the content to be presented, the users who will visit, and the navigation philosophy that has been established. a. Content architecture, focuses on the manner in which content objects and structured for presentation and navigation. b. WebApp architecture, addresses the manner in which the application is structure to manage user interaction, handle internal processing tasks, effect navigation, and present content. WebApp architecture is defined within the context of the development environment in which the application is to be implemented. J2EE uses MVC architecture; 6. Component design-develops the detailed processing logic required to implement functional components. Modules: Scheduler Work Log Module: User Management Branch Management Module: Communication Module (Messages, Meetings, Notices Module News): Address Book Feedback Module: Reports Scheduler Work Log Module: This module helps in preparing the work schedules and monitors work simply by sitting at the main branch. It provides user friendly screens which include calendars to select the date. Once the administrator has added the work to the schedule then it will displayed to all the employees in all the branches. It will be easy for an employee now to know his work schedule, complete it and intimate it to the administrator by entering the work details in the work log so that the administrator can monitor easily. User Management Branch Management Module: This module helps the administrator to add new branch details to the database, edit the existing branch details and delete the branch. It also provides a facility to the administrator to add the employee details and create the logins for the required employees, edit the user details and the delete the user information from the database. Communication Module (Messages, Meetings, Notices Module News): This module provides a facility to the employees to communicate each other very easily by sending the messaged in this application. The messages provides options to send a message to another employee, view the message list, open a message a message, delete a message and send a message to all the employees in a group at a time. This module provides a facility to the employees to know the details of the meetings which are going to be conducted just by clicking view meeting details option in meetings link. The users can also post the meetings details at any point of time. This module provides a facility to the employees to send the notices prepared by one branch to another branch then these people can upload the notice document and that will be downloaded by another branch people. It is just like sharing the documents across the branches. This module helps the administrator to post the news details which will be displayed to all the users when ever they logged in. Address Book Feedback Module: This module provides a facility to the employees to store their individual contact details in the address book. It allows us to add, edit and delete the contact details in the address book. This module helps the users to post their feedback about a policy which was implemented by company from online and allows the administrator to view the feedbacks posted by all the employees. Reports: This module allows the administrator to view different kinds of reports according to his requirement. It generates the reports based on employees, employee work report, groups reports and employee report. Physical Design UML Diagrams Data Dictionary Data Modeling Overview A data model is a conceptual representation of the data structures that are required by a database. The data structures include the data objects, the associations between data objects, and the rules which govern operations on the objects. As the name implies, the data model focuses on what data is required and how it should be organized rather than what operations will be performed on the data. To use a common analogy, the data model is equivalent to an architects building plans. A data model is independent of hardware or software constraints. Rather than try to represent the data, as a database would see it, the data model focuses on representing the data as the user sees it in the real world. It serves as a bridge between the concepts that make up real-world events and processes and the physical representation of those concepts in a database. Methodology There are two major methodologies used to create a data model: the Entity-Relationship (ER) approach and the Object Model. Data Modeling In the Context of Database Design Database design is defined as: design the logical and physical structure of one or more databases to accommodate the information needs of the users in an organization for a defined set of applications. The design process roughly follows five steps: planning and analysis conceptual design Logical design Physical design implementation The data model is one part of the conceptual design process. The other, typically is the functional model. The data model focuses on what data should be stored in the database while the functional model deals with how the data is processed. To put this in the context of the relational database, the data model is used to design the relational tables. The functional model is used to design the queries, which will access and perform operations on those tables. Components of a Data Model The data model gets its inputs from the planning and analysis stage. Here the modeler, along with analysts, collects information about the requirements of the database by reviewing existing documentation and interviewing end-users. The data model has two outputs. The first is an entity-relationship diagram which represents the data structures in a pictorial form. Because the diagram is easily learned, it is valuable tool to communicate the model to the end-user. The second component is a data document. This is a document that describes in detail the data objects, relationships, and rules required by the database. The dictionary provides the detail required by the database developer to construct the physical database. Why is Data Modeling Important? Data modeling is probably the most labor intensive and time consuming part of the development process. Why bother especially if you are pressed for time? A common response by practitioners who write on the subject is that you should no more build a database without a model than you should build a house without blueprints. The goal of the data model is to make sure that the all data objects required by the database are completely and accurately represented. Because the data model uses easily understood notations and natural language, it can be reviewed and verified as correct by the end-users. The data model is also detailed enough to be used by the database developers to use as a blueprint for building the physical database. The information contained in the data model will be used to define the relational tables, primary and foreign keys, stored procedures, and triggers. A poorly designed database will require more time in the long-term. Without careful planning you may create a database that omits data required to create critical reports, produces results that are incorrect or inconsistent, and is unable to accommodate changes in the users requirements. Summary A data model is a plan for building a database. To be effective, it must be simple enough to communicate to the end user the data structure required by the database yet detailed enough for the database design to use to create the physical structure. 1) Table Name: LOGIN_TWM NAME DATA TYPE SIZE PRIMARY USER ID VARCHAR 10 PASSWORD VARCHAR 10 FNAME VARCHAR 15 LNAME VARCHAR 10 ADDRESS VARCHAR 40 PHONE NUMBER 15 MAILID VARCHAR 25 GROUPID VARCHAR 8 CREATED_DATE_TIME DATE LASTUSED_DATE_TIME DATE BNAME VARCHAR 15 2) Table Name: LOGINOUT_TWM NAME DATATYPE SIZE PRIMARY USER ID VARCHAR 10 L_DATE DATE 3) Table Name: MESSAGES_TWM NAME DATATYPE SIZE PRIMARY SENDERID VARCHAR 15 RECEIVERID VARCHAR 15 M_DATE DATE SUBJECT VARCHAR 15 MESSAGE VARCHAR 50 4) Table Name: GROUPS_TWM NAME DATATYPE SIZE PRIMARY GROUPID VARCHAR 15 GROUPNAME VARCHAR 15 5) Table Name: GROUPUSERS_TWM NAME DATATYPE SIZE PRIMARY GROUPID VARCHAR 15 USERID VARCHAR 15 6) Table Name: MEETINGS_TWM NAME DATATYPE SIZE PRIMARY M_DATE DATE M_TIME VARCHAR 10 PURPOSE VARCHAR 20 AGENDA VARCHAR 50 CONCLUSIONS VARCHAR 50 7) Table Name: SCHEDULAR_TWM NAME DATATYPE SIZE PRIMARY USERID VARCHAR 15 S_DATE VARCHAR 25 SCHEDULE VARCHAR 50 8) Table Name: ADDRESSBOOK_TWM NAME DATATYPE SIZE PRIMARY LOGINID VARCHAR 25 USERID VARCHAR 25 FNAME VARCHAR 15 LNAME VARCHAR 15 ADDRESS VARCHAR 45 PHONENO NUMBER 15 OFFICEADD VARHCAR 45 OFFICEPHONE NUMBER 15 9) Table Name: WORKLOG_TWM NAME DATATYPE SIZE PRIMARY USERID VARCHAR 10 W_DATE DATE SLOTTIME VARCHAR 15 TASKS VARCHAR 45 10) Table Name: FEEDBACK_TWM NAME DATATYPE SIZE PRIMARY W_DATE DATE L_TIME VARCHAR 8 SUBJECT VARCHAR 15 COMMENTS VARCHAR 45 11) Table Name: NEWS_TWM NAME DATATYPE SIZE PRIMARY M_DATE DATE NEWS VARCHAR 49 12) Table Name: NOTICEBOARD_TWM NAME DATATYPE SIZE PRIMARY UNAME VARCHAR 15 FNAME VARCHAR 15 FCONTENT BLOB POSTED_DAT DATE MSGID NUMBER 4 13) Table Name: DOWNLOAD_TWM NAME DATATYPE SIZE PRIMARY UNAME VARCHAR 15 FNAME VARCHAR 45 FCONTENT BLOB POSTED_DAT DATE MSGID NUMBER 4 14) Table Name: BRANCH_TWM NMAE DATATYPE SIZE PRIMARY BRANCH_CODE VARCHAR 15 BRANCH_NAME VARCHAR 25 E-R Diagram Technological Requirements: HTML HTML, an initialism of Hypertext Markup Language, is the predominant markup language for web pages. It provides a means to describe the structure of text-based

Friday, October 25, 2019

The Decline of Literacy Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive Topics

An decline has occurred in the amount of time young people spend reading. The loss of interest in teenagers for reading has resulted from the invention of the moving picture. No longer do teenagers open their imaginations to create a vision of stories portrayed in books. The visions have already been provided for them in the forms of movies, video games, and television. A common pastime for teenagers is movie watching. Every weekend, and occasionally week nights, one can find hundreds of young people at movie theaters. Great stories that were once only obtainable through reading have been made into movies, attracting millions of young people to watch. I recently went to see the movie remake of Stephen King's book The Green Mile. I had beforehand read the book. To me, the movie did not accurately portray King's book. Most of the young people I asked to compare the movie and the book told me they had never even heard of the book version of The Green Mile. I found the fact that movies have replaced the thrill of reading for teenagers very discouraging. Video games ar...

Thursday, October 24, 2019

Benedict XVI

A great leader does not impose perfection at all times. Leaders also have their shortcomings to their people but on top of that, they continue to pursue their passion which Is to serve those people who believed in them. However, not all leaders are measured through their greatness. Some will be remembered because of their humility. Don't you think It's great If someone will humbly give up power knowing they can not anymore serve their people better? One can not be truly great If he does not know how to humble down himself before God. Sounds familiar?It Is our former pope, Joseph Radiating popularly known as Pope Benedict XVI. He might not be as popular as Pope John Paul II was or our present Pope Francis but he contributed great things not Just to Catholic church but to our faith as Catholics. Pope Benedict Wig's papacy testifies to a churchman of scholarship and pastoral sensitivity. He has a reputation as a theological conservative, taking uncompromising positions on homosexuality, women priests and contraception's. He espouses Christian compassion- speaking out for human rights, protection of the environment ND the fight against poverty and injustice.The central theme of his papacy has been his defense of fundamental Christian values in the eave of what he sees as moral. He always believed that the strengths of the church came from an absolute truth that does not bend with the winds. â€Å"If John Paul II had not been Pope, he would have been a movie star; if Benedict had not been Pope, he would have been a university professor†, wrote US Vatican expert John L. Allen. Benedict was described by those who know him as ladybird, with a mild and humble manner, but a strong moral core.Pope Benedict went through a to of controversies during his reign resulting in decline in numbers of priests being recruited and millions of Catholics went against the church. Public relations for him was not a big factor. It was one of his weaknesses. He has never publicly gi ven his own version of events. Even though a lot of people was disappointed for him being so traditional, he remained with the truth. He was not open to Casting modernization and intransigent on priestly celibacy and contraception's. He tried his best to obtain a church which is one with other religions but he was misunderstood.His speeches turned to be an offense to all Muslims and Protestants. As a result, he received a lot of criticisms e. G. That his resignation was due to his conversion to Islam. It turned out to be a disgrace for the Catholic church. Despite all of that, his supporters believed that was exactly why he was the man to lead the church through such challenging times. Pope Benedict XVI was a mild and humble pope. As a religious leader, faith Is what you bring to people. Our Lord Jesus became the symbol of faith through Pope Benedict. The teachings Jesus made remained during his papacy.He Just wants us to stick to these teachings because these traditional teachings are what truly mold our faith. Benedict XVI By tyrosine's which is to serve those people who believed in them. Remembered because of their humility. Don't you think it's great if someone will can not be truly great if he does not know how to humble down himself before God. Sounds familiar? It is our former pope, Joseph Radiating popularly known as Pope Benedict WI. He might not be as popular as Pope John Paul II was or our present Pope Benedict XVI was a mild and humble pope. As a religious leader, faith is what

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

Compare and Constrast Classical China and Classical India

Though they had some different qualities, Classical China and India were very similar. The complexities of both India and China’s social hierarchy systems were very different. However their religious views and ideas were similar, and they both began to decline but were able to recover and maintain stability. Both China and India used social hierarchy systems, but they were used differently. India used a very strict system called Varna, or the caste system. People only associated with people in their class. Marriage outside of your class and helping people in lower classes was absolutely forbidden.People couldn’t even eat or drink with people outside of their class. The Chinese rules of social hierarchy were very different. The Chinese believed in reciprocal respect within relationships. For example, the ruler respects the subject and the subject respects the ruler. Another major difference was the specific levels of the social ladder. The caste system of India had four basic levels: the Brahmins (priests), followed by the Kshatriyas (warriors), then the Vaishyas (work people), and finally the Shudras (peasants).All four of these castes were divided into subgroups called jati. This system was very complex and stratified and a person could not change castes. The Chinese only had three steps on their social ladder. On top was the educated bureaucrats and landowners. The peasants and the urban artisans were in the middle class and the â€Å"mean† or meaningless people were at the bottom. Priests in India were considered very powerful and they were at the top of society. The Classical Chinese emperors used a centralized religion called Confucianism and a priest class wasn’t necessary.There was other religions in China but the priests were isolated from the rest of the population. The Chinese social system was very simple and the Indian caste system was more specific. India and China used different hierarchy systems, but they had similar r eligious views and ideas. At this point in time Hinduism was very popular in India and the Chinese emperors stressed confucian ideas. Hinduism and Confucianism were very similar. In both religions there was no specific gods to be worshiped, but there was religious shrines.People were obedient to confucianism because it stressed respect to all people. The goal of Hinduism was to free your soul and reach moksha. In order to do so people had to follow the rules and do the right thing. Confucianism and Hinduism worked because all people benefited from them. Another major similarity of India and China was the cause and effects of the declines of their golden ages. Both India and China had strong enough civilizations to withstand the challenges they faced and not completely fall.Because of China’s strong political system and because of India’s uniform religion, both civilizations were able to recover and revive themselves. Nomadic invaders attacked both civilizations and thi s was a setback but strong emperors helped regain order. The strength of the political systems was also challenged. Arab invaders tried to convert India to Islam but failed because Indian religious leaders worked to strengthen HInduism. In China bureaucrats became corrupt and started fighting for power and assassinating each other.Thankfully the Sui and Tang dynasties worked to regain power and they restored Confucianism because they knew it worked in the past. India and China lost power but they were able to maintain stability. China and India had some qualities that contrast each other, but the two civilizations were very similar. Their social hierarchy systems were different, but they shared common religious views and ideas, they both suffered a decline but they were able to recover and maintain stability.

An Argument in Support of Minimum International Essay Example

An Argument in Support of Minimum International Essay Example An Argument in Support of Minimum International Essay An Argument in Support of Minimum International Essay An Argument in Support of Minimum International Labor Standards Whether you support international labour criterions depends, to a certain extent, on your positions of both economic sciences and human nature. International criterions, much like the minimal pay and worker safety Torahs, were enacted to maintain corporate entities from yielding to their worst urges and surpluss. Britain enacted minimal pay Torahs in 1901. ( DeLeon, 2007. ) However, they did non go lawfully binding- that is enforced by the government- until 1999. ( BBC, 1999. ) Britain, along with Australia and the United States- and much of Western Europe- enacted these pay Torahs to â€Å"protect [ ed ] groupsofworkers, particularlywomenandchildren, inlow ­ wageindustries† and besides for the intent of â€Å"preventingtheâ€Å"corruption†ofwomenandtheprotectionofemployersfromlower  ­payingcompetitors.† ( Haussamen, 2007. ) Hence, the lower limit pay was non merely a sop to the brotherhoods, nor was it meant to merely protect the workers- it was besides desi gned to supply a pay floor so that rivals within an industry couldn’t merely lower their rewards, engage the cheapest employees and hence drastically cut their monetary values while protecting their net incomes. Otherwise, monetary value wars would hold been changeless and concerns would hold been left with no fiscal means to honor good workers. This last point is particularly of import in a planetary economic system. Minimal economic criterions every bit good as minimal criterions for worker intervention non merely protect the workers but besides their employers. How so? As the economic system becomes more globalised it has besides become more dependent on China and India, every bit good as, to a lesser extent, Russia and Brazil. China is good known for its low rewards and deficiency of worker safety. In fact, China merely instituted a minimal pay in 2004 and the linguistic communication of the legislative act, as relayed by the Chinese Embassy in the United States was maddeningly obscure, discoursing how â€Å"monthly minimal pay should take into history factors such as a worker and his dependants lower limit life cost, the urban occupant ingestion monetary value index, societal security and lodging accretion fund fees, mean wage, economic development degree and employment situation.† All the piece, China besides s et an hourly lower limit pay which â€Å"should take into history the local monthly lower limit pay, retirement pension and medical insurance fees, working conditions and strength, work stableness and public assistance of non parttime workers, harmonizing to the regulation.† All this is farther complicated by the fact that the Chinese minimal pay jurisprudence would let â€Å"different criterions between countries within a individual state, municipality or independent regionâ€Å" . ( Chinese Embassy, 2004. ) Hence, the Chinese minimal pay is non a minimal pay at all- given all the ambiguity, it is simply a suggestion. Nevertheless, difficult Numberss can be had with a small research. For case, in June 2006, the monthly lower limit pay in Beijing was a shadiness over 72 U.S. Dollars. This is rather fine-looking in comparing to Gansu state where the lower limit pay was merely over 40 U.S. Dollars per month. ( China Labor Watch, 2006. ) How can a British house compete with re wards that are a shadiness over 20 British pounds per month? And how can they offer the safety and quality of their products- and their name behind those products- if they are produced in the sort of conditions that people working for 20 Pounds a month doubtless have to digest? This is no mere exaggeration. As one might anticipate, if rewards are held to a bare lower limit, so are worker and merchandise safety criterions as the bottom line reigns supreme. The list of corrupt merchandises which were exported to Western states and their effects are drawn-out: they include, â€Å"Chinese wheat gluten tainted with the chemical cyanuramide â€Å" which â€Å"was blamed for Canis familiaris and cat deceases in North America† , every bit good as â€Å"toxic monkfish, frozen eel and juice made with insecure colour additives† and â€Å"Chinese-made toothpaste†- and those are merely exports. Domestically, Chinese clients contend with â€Å" [ R ] eports of nutrient toxic conditions or tainted food† , such as â€Å" [ the ] company [ which ] was ordered to halt production after it was found to be repackaging the filling from two-year-old rice dumplings.† ( AP, 2007. ) Bear in head, that the foregoing came from a individual intelligence report- a brief internet hunt reveals legion such incidences. Worker safety is an issue every bit good. Here excessively, the Numberss tell the narrative. Harmonizing to the Chinese authorities, in the first half of 2004, more than 362,000 people were injured and over 63,000 died while on the occupation. ( UPI, 2004 ) This is non exceeding. Indeed, China averages 6,000 worker deceasesper twelvemonthin its coal mines entirely. [ Said mines produce about 2 billion dozenss of coal per year- two-base hit the sum that they did in 2000. ( McLaughlin, 2006 ) It need non be this manner but from an economic position these 6,000 human deaths are sensible- given that the household of the mineworker can be compensated up to, but non transcending 1200 Pounds per decease, it is â€Å"cheaper to allow mineworkers, who might gain approximately $ 150 each month, take lifelessly risks.† ( McLaughlin, 2006 ) It is a basic maxim that a concern needs customers- farther ; they need repetition clients who speak positively of their experiences. And of class, all concerns need employees. While it is surely cheering to hear that consumers do non normally perish from devouring Chinese imports, higher criterions are decidedly called for. And while it would be optimum to hold concerns put the higher criterions for themselves, as we have seen through the brief treasure of the company that was restuffing dumplings with old ages old filling, this is non ever the instance. We do non intend to state of class that all companies are bad or that none are to be trusted. But we do believe that, left to their ain devices, most will take economic sciences over precautions, if forced to postulate with such a pick. A set of realistic, enforceable, unvarying international labour criterions is clearly necessary to protect the consumer, the worker and the concern itself. We do non recommend any set of criterions. Nor do we seek to enforce uniformity across continents and industries. It is understood that different companies and industries have different demands. It is clear that different states and civilizations have a broad array of positions. But we do believe that holding criterions in labour is critical for all those who profit from, utilize the resources of and of class produce the work which sustains the planetary economic system. Mentions: AP ( 2007 ) â€Å"China to Better Food Safety Standards, †Associated Press, 20 June 2007, accessed via hypertext transfer protocol: //wbztv.com/business/China.food.safety.2.285224.html on 11 April 2008. BBC ( 1999 ) â€Å"Britain gets first minimal pay, †BBC.CO.UK, 1 April 1999, accessed via hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/april/1/newsid_2465000/2465397.stm on 10 April 2008. China Labor Watch. ( 2006 ) â€Å"Minimum Monthly Wage Standards in Selected Provinces/Municipalities/Cities in China 1, † July 2006, accessed via hypertext transfer protocol: //www.chinalaborwatch.org/2006 % 20Editorials/07-24-2006 % 20Minimum % 20Wage % 20Chart.htm on 10 April 2008. DeLeon, J.M. ( 2007 ) â€Å"A history of the minimal pay, †Frederick News-Post, 11 February 2007, accessed via hypertext transfer protocol: //www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-29635285_ITM on 10 April 2008. Embassy of the People’s Republic of China in the United States of America. ( 2004 ) â€Å"China Sets Minimum Wage Rules, † 24 June 2004, accessed via hypertext transfer protocol: //www.china-embassy.org/eng/gyzg/t63347.htm on 10 April 2008. Haussamen, B. ( 2007 ) â€Å"Raising the Minimum Wage, †The Northwest Progressive Institute, 4 January 2007, accessed via hypertext transfer protocol: //www.nwprogressive.org/vault/reports/JAN07MinimumWage.pdf on 10 April 2008. McLaughlin, K.E. ( 2006 ) â€Å"In China: Energy Needs v. Mine Safety, †The Christian Science Monitor, 26 January 2006, accessed via hypertext transfer protocol: //www.csmonitor.com/2006/0126/p07s02-woap.html on 11 April 2008. UPI ( 2004 ) â€Å"China Says Worker Safety Situation Stable, †United Press International, 20 July 2004, accessed via hypertext transfer protocol: //www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-9011909_ITM on 11 April 2008.

Sunday, October 20, 2019

Music Therapy essays

Music Therapy essays Today there are many ways to deal with pain. Many people choose medicines to cure these pains. Another less known method used to manage pain is music therapy. Music therapy can be used to reduce anxiety and pain during childbirth as well as in dental hygiene. Music therapy has been used for a long time. Frequently music is said to be one of the most ancient healing techniques (OKelly 130). Plato said that different types of music could be used to relax or to bring out aggressive characters in people (qtd. in OKelly). Extensive research of music therapy did not begin until the early to mid 1900s. Musicians played for recovering victims of war to reduce anxiety (OKelly 130). There are many organizations that have been established for music therapy such as the US National Association of Music Therapy, The Association of Professional Music Therapists, and the British Society of Music Therapy. In America there are over four thousand music therapist. (OKelly130) In recent years music therapy has grown to become accepted in the reduction of pain, and its research has developed extensively (Browning 272). Research conducted by Eagle and Harsh suggested two psychoneurological connections between music and pain. [First,] both music and pain can be identified with sensory input. [Second,] since the limbic system is concerned with emotional output for pain and music, evidence suggests that the perception of both pain and music travels along similar neural pathways, each affecting the other. (Browning 272) A good definition of music therapy as described by Leslie Bunt is music therapy is the use of sounds and music within an evolving relationship between client and therapist to support and encourage physical, mental, social, spiritual and emotional wellbeing (OKelly 130). Many people fear going to the dentist due to the fear of experiencing large amounts of pain. &...

Saturday, October 19, 2019

Role of Courts in Fulfilling the Objectives of the Human Rights Act 19 Research Paper

Role of Courts in Fulfilling the Objectives of the Human Rights Act 1998 - Research Paper Example The author of the paper states that the discrepancy created, in determining as to who constitutes a public authority, by the UK courts has adversely affected human rights protection. The failure of the courts to properly utilize the mandate given to them by Parliament, in this context, has proved to be unfair and biased towards individuals; thereby violating the provisions of the Human Rights Act 1998. As such the present status of the case law, in this regard, has proved to be irreconcilable with the objectives set out by Parliament. The Courts have been interpreting the provisions of section 6(3) (b) in a narrow way so that most of the organizations are not covered by the definition of Public Authority. The result is that the rights provided by the European Convention are not being implemented properly. Furthermore, courts are determining whether a regulatory body can be considered as a public authority, under the purview of s 6(3)(b), Human Rights Act, on the basis of their instit utional position. In the Aston Cantlow case, the House of Lords had opined that there was a need to adopt a different approach while dealing with important public authorities. This new approach was to be different from that adopted in cases involving functional agencies. Under Section 6(1) of the Human Rights Act, such core public authorities have to invariably ensure that the rights provided by the Convention are respected in their activities, irrespective of public or private activities. Section 6(3) (b) of the Human Rights Act stipulates that the core authorities are under an obligation to ensure that the rights of Convention had been adhered to in their public functions. According to Lord Hope, there should be a clear demarcation between the public and private functions of core authorities, as required by Section 6(3) (b) of the Human Rights Act. This particular section has wide applicability and is dependent to a large extent on the various factors involved in any particular ca se. The function performed by any particular authority determines whether that authority is a core public authority.

Friday, October 18, 2019

Management business operation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Management business operation - Essay Example According to analysts of the company, instead of focusing on the volume, variety of products and sales incentives it offers, it is more interested in finding a variety of investment schemes to earn their profits (Bawden, 2011). It is also working on controlling or limiting the damage of their production process that might be inflicting on the environment ((Agarwal, Shankar & Tiwari, 2006). However, according to analysts the company is suffering due to the price difference from other competitors, such as Tesco, Sainsbury, Montrose etc. Also these food stores do not offer a variety of products and have very low scale entities. The company needs to convert at least some of its superstores and also offer a variety of ready to cook items. In short they need to improvise, to meet the requirements of the customer by bringing an apparent variation in their style of business. Variations and innovations may be appealing and attractive for the customer and they may prefer visiting the store to check out the variations. Other stores offer a number of services and items on their outlets, whereas Cooperative has simple food stores which it can turn into super markets (Just-Food.com, 2012). The other stores are carrying out customer centered operations; they are offering goods that the customers look for upon entering their stores, such as organic, fresh and affordably priced groceries or a wider variety of groceries. The Cooperative also needs to follow the trend of looking after and focusing on its customers, rather than working on the replenishment systems, finding investments etc. It can be observed that their competitors have priced a good notice of the customers purchase power in mind; this has...Visibility talks about improving communication between the customer and the manufacturer (Slack et al, 2009). Numerically, its annual sales have dropped from GBP 142 mn to GBP 119 mn and food stores sales went down by 2.2%. Other stores offer a number of services and items on their outlets, whereas Cooperative has simple food stores which it can turn into super markets (Just-Food.com, 2012). The other stores are carrying out customer centered operations; they are offering goods that the customers look for upon entering their stores, such as organic, fresh and affordably priced groceries or a wider variety of groceries. The older generation’s chief concerns, when shopping at the convenience stores, are product quality and price (Lawson, 2012). Agile manufacturing requires that the company work on controlling costs, while also maintaining a good standard of quality and more importantly meeting customer needs and requirements rapidly as well as effectively. Murrel is not looking to achieve customer satisfaction through hiring of more staff or improving service. The Cooperative’s state-of-the art supply chain seems to be just that, an agile supply chain. The value of a supply chain is described as the difference between the worth of final product in view of customers and costs incurred in the supply chain process to fulfil the customer’s demands.

The Handmaid's Tale Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Handmaid's Tale - Essay Example Offred is placed to serve under the commander and Serena. The age of infertility has reduced Gilead to offer the provision of demeaning women freedom. Offred serves as the example of the limited freedom presented within the society as the chores that she has been assigned with to complete present restriction within the society. Women are restricted and offered the challenge of progressing within the society as the captives converted into Handmaids. Offred had been declined to a demeaning routine that saw the creation of limited opportunity for the progress of women in a disruptive community. However, Atwood includes a solution in the rebellion Mayday that the Handmaid Ofglen belongs to, and the organization plots to overthrow Gilead to restore freedom to the society. The events within the tale suggest the achievement of redemption in the rebellious group and the quest to seek lost love that has been within the previous regime. Through the character selection with the main character O ffred, Atwood combines bold language and reference to develop a dystopian society within Gilead. Offred, as the leading character, directs the reader to discover a changed society from the traditional U.S. that presents freedom ad free ideology. This mechanism is achieved through the application of flashback that explains the affair that she has had with her lover in Luke. The society presented had offered minimal opportunity for advances, and she failed to find the similar affection as in the previous regime. Atwood writes, â€Å"What I feel towards them is blankness. What I feel is that I must not feel. What I feel is partly relief, because none of these men is Luke. Luke wasn't a doctor. Isn't,† (Atwood 33). Offred explains that she has lost a remarkable past that promised better lifestyle and resolution to her miserable progress. The events that had led to the loss of her lover and daughter did not impair her judgment to recognize her achievement. Atwood’s vibrant reference to the moral decay within the society serves as the lesson to highlight the use of humanity as tools to impress a tyrannical regime. She explained the role created in the Handmaid that represented the immorality within Gilead. Offred had been used as the tool of the Commander, and served to sexually satisfy the family and conceive children. This is presented in her position as the Handmaid to the house, and she struggled with the lifestyle that had been established. The Republic of Gilead is depicted as the environment that harbored injustice and tolerated moral degradation in demeaning the role of the woman. Atwood recognizes this provision through bold imagery and reference to sexual situations that the Handmaids has been subjected to tolerate. Atwood explains that sex is applied as a tool to progress and has lost its meaning in the Gilead society. â€Å"I'm not talking about sex, he says. That was part of it, the sex was too easy,† (Atwood 210). The phrase is app lied to explain that sex has lost its true meaning and is used by the dictators as a means of pleasure with women serving as objects to be manipulated. The role is referred to the Handmaids that were considered servants after being enslaved. Atwood develops the role of the Handmaids who were trained under Aunt Lydia, but issues the recognition of the weakness of the male character due to love. Aunt Lydia serves as the character that shaped the recognition o

Labor relations 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Labor relations 3 - Essay Example Hence, a grievance can be denoted as a dispute that crops up in a work related environment in relation to the interpretation, appliance, management or alleged violation of the specific terms of the collective agreement (Holley et al 468). Basically, it is a complaint that is filed by an employee as per his/her interpretation of the collective agreement. A grievance that is not settled in the course of its own procedures could be referred within given timelines as indicated by the collective agreement to Arbitration. Never the less, if a grievance procedure has been followed without any resolute being attained, then a single arbitrator or arbitration board should hear and determine the dispute that is referred to it, as his/her or its decision is final and should, therefore, be binding upon all the parties that are involved. Hence, it is seen as an absolute stage of resolution. Moreover, every grievance procedure operates within a specific time limit, which is present in each collecti ve agreement. These limits are put in place to deal with grievances promptly. They should be taken into consideration by both the employer and the union to ensure that limits are adhered to unless under specific permission that must be agreed upon by one or the other party. In case, this is not done chances are that the whole grievance procedure becomes invalid especially if it is in reference to arbitration. Either party is in a position to raise the lack of adherence to timeliness as a preliminary objection of having the grievance dismissed. Benefits of Grievances The grievance procedure has benefits, which helps the process to be in place. First, the process is capable of generating stability in day-to day employees’ relations as it ensures that employees have a sense of assurance within the collective agreement life of a mechanism that resolves issues rather than allowing them to continue. In fact, the presence of a grievance process at any work place ensures that dispute s do not escalate but rather get resolved at the appropriate time. Second, the process plays an important role in creating a sense of democracy in the work place especially when it allows employees to air their grievances without the fear of intimidation by the employers. Third, the process gives employees a chance to hold open discussions on issues that are related to their work, and improve communication between the employer and the employee (Holley et al 469). Furthermore, interpretation of a collective agreement is allowed as it presents an option of submitting problems to neutral third party. This builds up strong labor relations, improves morale and increases overall productivity. The common sources of grievances include: discipline and discharge, working hour and overtime, postings of job and seniority. Steps in a Grievance Procedure Every collective agreement denotes the steps as per their respective grievance procedures A typical grievance procedure of an individual employe e includes the following: Informal discussion Prior to a formal grievance filing, an employee must discuss the issue with the supervisor. At times, the grievance may be

Thursday, October 17, 2019

Discuss the role of Haskole (Jewish Enlightenment in Eastern Europe) Essay

Discuss the role of Haskole (Jewish Enlightenment in Eastern Europe) and of Hasidism in the formation and development of modern Yiddish culture - Essay Example From the initial days of the Yiddish, there were a few prayer books for women but were merely translations of existing Hebrew scripts. The first of the books published originally in Yiddish was â€Å"Come Out and See†, more commonly known by a slurring of the name as ‘Tsenerena’; written in the early 1600s. It was written for women, who generally did not read Hebrew and were not as well-versed in biblical commentary, so it is an easier read than some of the Hebrew commentaries written for men. When secular Jewish fiction began to emerge, the religious authorities of that time did not approve of these irreverent Yiddish writings dealing with modern secular and frivolous themes. Some strictly observant people refused to even set type for these writers because they were so offended by their works, but Jewish people throughout Europe embraced them wholeheartedly and treasured them. Foundations of the Yiddish theatre can be traced back to Abraham Haim Lipke Goldfaden w ho was (at that time) a pioneer of Yiddish plays. He wrote and produced numerous plays while travelling throughout the Eastern Europe. The culture, as we all know, was not preserved and was laid bare to the brutalism of the Nazis and the communists†¦ however; certain movements took place during that period in order to modernize the Jews and the Yiddish culture. Two off these movements are of great significance regarding the enlightenment of the Jews in Eastern Europe i.e. Haskole (Haskalah) and Hasidism (Hasidic Judaism). Haskole is a word of Yiddish, the alternative of which in Hebrew is Haskalah. The movement began in the late 1880s its aim being to enlighten the Jews of Eastern Europe through better mixing of the Jews with the eastern societies so that they could learn and live the ways of their neighbors in order to acquire a wider horizon. Haskole encouraged

Report on the Religious Life of Planet Earth Essay

Report on the Religious Life of Planet Earth - Essay Example This article will explain what religion looks like. It will provide examples of three beliefs related to religion in line with the function of religion to the survival of human kind. Religion can be defined as a collection of belief systems, cultural systems and worldwide views which relate humanity to the spiritual world (Pope, 1996). In most cases, religions have various symbols, which have their meanings. Certain individuals claim that religion is the act of believing in a supreme being. Most scholars in the discipline of science believe that religion was formulated in order to manipulate humankind. However, other individuals claim that religion is a way of life. As an alien trying to determine the aspect of religion in the world, it is prevalent that the earth is a religious planet. Contrarily, different individuals have different opinions regarding religious status. One of the most prevalent examples that point out the existence of religion on earth is the gathering of individua ls in fellowship (Pope, 1996). Individuals usually gather in certain places in order to fellowship and give thanks to their creator. Therefore, it is necessary to be committed to a certain religion in order to appreciate and understand the teachings. In addition, the philosophy of religion also reveals the existence of religion. It is prevalent that religion would be non-existent if there was no philosophy of religion. Recently, most of the individuals who claim to be religious usually spend most of their time reflecting about the existence of a supreme being. Moreover, they are significantly inspired when they take part in worship acts (Pope, 1996). The planet earth also meets the specifications of a religious planet. This is because approximately 84% of the population comprise of followers of one of the 23 radical religions that are known to the human species (Pope, 1996). Religion enables individuals to understand certain concepts hence; sustaining morality. According to empirica l research, religion plays an essential function in planet earth. For instance, religion helps human beings to define who they are. Additionally, religion holds the society together through the provision of human desires such as integrity, discipline, love and empathy. Some of the individuals believe that religion has a medicinal value that is portrayed through healing especially after prayers. Furthermore, religion also ensures that human beings are able to live according to the guidelines of human life (Pope, 1996). While observing the aspect of religion on earth, I found out that religion was extremely crucial among the believers. As stated above, religion is defined as a response to the dimensions of life which are regarded sacred. Religion can also be defined, by the way an individual prefers to worship and perform their spiritual practices. Research asserts that there are three main religions that are recognized all over the world. They include Christianity, Islam, and Hinduis m (Pope, 1996). In conclusion, the Christians believe in the existence of God who is the sole creator of everything in the universe. In addition, they usually quote the scriptures enshrined in the Holy Bible which resembles an instruction sheet. On the other hand, Muslims believe in a supreme being named Allah.

Wednesday, October 16, 2019

Labor relations 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Labor relations 3 - Essay Example Hence, a grievance can be denoted as a dispute that crops up in a work related environment in relation to the interpretation, appliance, management or alleged violation of the specific terms of the collective agreement (Holley et al 468). Basically, it is a complaint that is filed by an employee as per his/her interpretation of the collective agreement. A grievance that is not settled in the course of its own procedures could be referred within given timelines as indicated by the collective agreement to Arbitration. Never the less, if a grievance procedure has been followed without any resolute being attained, then a single arbitrator or arbitration board should hear and determine the dispute that is referred to it, as his/her or its decision is final and should, therefore, be binding upon all the parties that are involved. Hence, it is seen as an absolute stage of resolution. Moreover, every grievance procedure operates within a specific time limit, which is present in each collecti ve agreement. These limits are put in place to deal with grievances promptly. They should be taken into consideration by both the employer and the union to ensure that limits are adhered to unless under specific permission that must be agreed upon by one or the other party. In case, this is not done chances are that the whole grievance procedure becomes invalid especially if it is in reference to arbitration. Either party is in a position to raise the lack of adherence to timeliness as a preliminary objection of having the grievance dismissed. Benefits of Grievances The grievance procedure has benefits, which helps the process to be in place. First, the process is capable of generating stability in day-to day employees’ relations as it ensures that employees have a sense of assurance within the collective agreement life of a mechanism that resolves issues rather than allowing them to continue. In fact, the presence of a grievance process at any work place ensures that dispute s do not escalate but rather get resolved at the appropriate time. Second, the process plays an important role in creating a sense of democracy in the work place especially when it allows employees to air their grievances without the fear of intimidation by the employers. Third, the process gives employees a chance to hold open discussions on issues that are related to their work, and improve communication between the employer and the employee (Holley et al 469). Furthermore, interpretation of a collective agreement is allowed as it presents an option of submitting problems to neutral third party. This builds up strong labor relations, improves morale and increases overall productivity. The common sources of grievances include: discipline and discharge, working hour and overtime, postings of job and seniority. Steps in a Grievance Procedure Every collective agreement denotes the steps as per their respective grievance procedures A typical grievance procedure of an individual employe e includes the following: Informal discussion Prior to a formal grievance filing, an employee must discuss the issue with the supervisor. At times, the grievance may be

Tuesday, October 15, 2019

Report on the Religious Life of Planet Earth Essay

Report on the Religious Life of Planet Earth - Essay Example This article will explain what religion looks like. It will provide examples of three beliefs related to religion in line with the function of religion to the survival of human kind. Religion can be defined as a collection of belief systems, cultural systems and worldwide views which relate humanity to the spiritual world (Pope, 1996). In most cases, religions have various symbols, which have their meanings. Certain individuals claim that religion is the act of believing in a supreme being. Most scholars in the discipline of science believe that religion was formulated in order to manipulate humankind. However, other individuals claim that religion is a way of life. As an alien trying to determine the aspect of religion in the world, it is prevalent that the earth is a religious planet. Contrarily, different individuals have different opinions regarding religious status. One of the most prevalent examples that point out the existence of religion on earth is the gathering of individua ls in fellowship (Pope, 1996). Individuals usually gather in certain places in order to fellowship and give thanks to their creator. Therefore, it is necessary to be committed to a certain religion in order to appreciate and understand the teachings. In addition, the philosophy of religion also reveals the existence of religion. It is prevalent that religion would be non-existent if there was no philosophy of religion. Recently, most of the individuals who claim to be religious usually spend most of their time reflecting about the existence of a supreme being. Moreover, they are significantly inspired when they take part in worship acts (Pope, 1996). The planet earth also meets the specifications of a religious planet. This is because approximately 84% of the population comprise of followers of one of the 23 radical religions that are known to the human species (Pope, 1996). Religion enables individuals to understand certain concepts hence; sustaining morality. According to empirica l research, religion plays an essential function in planet earth. For instance, religion helps human beings to define who they are. Additionally, religion holds the society together through the provision of human desires such as integrity, discipline, love and empathy. Some of the individuals believe that religion has a medicinal value that is portrayed through healing especially after prayers. Furthermore, religion also ensures that human beings are able to live according to the guidelines of human life (Pope, 1996). While observing the aspect of religion on earth, I found out that religion was extremely crucial among the believers. As stated above, religion is defined as a response to the dimensions of life which are regarded sacred. Religion can also be defined, by the way an individual prefers to worship and perform their spiritual practices. Research asserts that there are three main religions that are recognized all over the world. They include Christianity, Islam, and Hinduis m (Pope, 1996). In conclusion, the Christians believe in the existence of God who is the sole creator of everything in the universe. In addition, they usually quote the scriptures enshrined in the Holy Bible which resembles an instruction sheet. On the other hand, Muslims believe in a supreme being named Allah.

Designing a training programme for supervisor skills at Primark Essay Example for Free

Designing a training programme for supervisor skills at Primark Essay Type of training and how long will the training take? (on the job or off the job) Shadowing/demonstration/coaching/external or internal course 1 hour/1/2 day/ 5 days? Provider of training and Location Sales floor/store training room/Primark head office/College/Distance course. Internal training. Who will carry out? HR manager/training manager Description of training content What will the you do /learn during the training Cost of the training Physical cost of external course/cost of paying salary to trainee whilst not doing their job role/providing cover whilst trainee is on course/travel expenses – train tickets to London if going on a head office course What will the training allow me to achieve? What skills will you have learnt? How will it assist you in being successful in your new role? Why is this skill important? Consequences Shadowing for 1 hour Sales floor watching experienced supervisor complete rota Organisation of staff rota, including breaks and lunches. Watch the supervisor complete her daily rota and then complete own rota and discuss with mentor to get feedback on how to improve it No direct costs however, Primark will still need to pay us both our  £8.50 an hour salary despite the fact that both the experienced Supervisor and I will be less productive during the training. This may impact on customer service as we won’t be available to help customers during the hours training . The training may disrupt other members of staff and reduce overall productivity of the department I will be able to complete the daily staff rota ensuring all staff get the breaks and lunches they are entitled to with minimal disruption to customer service Key feature in the job description of a supervisor. Failure to complete this correctly may mean that staff do not get the correct breaks and may become demotivated and lower their productivity as a result which will trigger a fall in customer satisfaction and potentially sales and profit Demonstration for 20 minutes Shown on the sales floor by an experienced supervisor . Whilst walking around look at the trends , most common sizes and the popular items . The ability to see when a specific product is in high demand and inform head office that more stock needs to be ordered. Listening to retail sales assistants when they tell you a product is in high demand . There are no direct costs. Although the experienced supervisor and I will need to be paid  £2.52 for the 20 minutes . I will be less productive during the training, this may impact customer service as I will be too busy to help out customers. The training may disrupt other members of staff and reduce overall productivity of the department The ability to spot trends , and items that are selling out. The ability to order in new stock . Failure in ordering a high demand products would mean Primark would miss out on an opportunity to make a profit . Failure is ordering any stock means that that Primark wouldn’t have any stock to sell and the customers would go else where. 1 day off job training completing the Impact Factory Customer service course Training by Impact Factory in London. I will be taught on how to give the best customer service and be more confident with employees. Dealing with customer complaints in the most appropriate way . Talking to unsatisfied customers and seeing what they can do to help and make sure this doesn’t happen next time.  £21.10 for the ticket to London. A whole day’s pay at  £7.57 an hour for 9 hours which is  £68.13. Although it’s more expensive than getting another supervisor to do the training , the training will be a lot more formal and I will take it more seriously . The course costs  £450. I will be trained by an expert in customer service . Although resentfulness amongst other members of staff who haven’t been chosen to attend the course and become demotivated and less efficient as a result. The overall cost will be  £539.23 . I will learn how to give good customer service , deal with rude/difficult customers , advance my listening/ responding skills, make the customers point of view work for me, gain confidence in giving customer service and handling complaints with empathy/ efficiency. A good retail supervisor needs to deal with customer complaints appropriately . This is because the supervisor will be the face of the branch and if they give a bad impression , there could be a drop in customers. The customers could go to competitors with better customer service. On the job training doing 20 minutes coaching and a 10 minutes session a week later. On the sales floor at a off-peak time with HR manager Learning how to use the supervisor function on the till to be able to give customers returns / change / cancel orders. No direct costs but both the HR manager and I will need to get paid . Although because this session is short, there will be a lot of time to do more productive things. The training may disrupt other members of staff and reduce overall productivity of the department. Customers may receive poor customer service such as long wait times at tills even though it is at off-peak time which would Lower sales. HR manager will need to be paid  £10 for the 30 minutes. I will need to be paid  £3.79 for the 30 minutes. The HR manager’s journey from London will cost  £21.10. The overall cost is  £34.89. I will learn how to use the supervisor function on the till , be able to give customer returns / change and cancel orders. As I have practiced at different times, I am now very clear on how to use the supervisor function on the till . This means in peak time if a customer needs a return I can quickly use the function on the till without holding up a long queue . This means the customers will be happier as they don’t have to wait a long time and I can go do more productive things. If I was unable to do this Primark would get a reputation for poor customer service and customers would go to competitors , which would lower sales. Off the job training for 30 minutes doing Job shadowing . 30 minutes observation On the sales floor with an experienced supervisor Ensuring that the sales floor is always kept clean, the shelves are fully stocked with products and there’s no clothes on the floor. In prime time the retail sales assistant are aware how to work in the peak times including the holidays and Saturdays . There are no direct costs but I will be paid  £7.57 for the hour and so will the experienced supervisor. I will not being my job during this training session meaning a loss of productivity . I may disrupt other employees and reduce the overall productivity of the department. Customers may have to wait longer on the tills / fitting rooms as I will be unable to help them, which would lower sales. The overall cost would be  £15.14 . I will be able to deal with the sales floor at its prime time. Through observation I can be told what my weaknesses are and how I can improve on them. If I wasn’t able to manage the store at prime the customers would be left waiting unreasonable times for the tills/ fitting rooms . They would eventually get annoyed and leave to go to a competitor, meaning a loss in sales. The employees would become demotivated as they are constantly having to work in a hectic unorganised environment and may leave. If an employee leaves Primark would have to pay for the recruitment costs for the next employee. Off the job training in London doing a leadership course – 1 day course In London being taught about leadership by CIPD Making sure all the retail sales assistants are working efficiently . Motivating all the retail sales assistants to do their work to the best of their ability . This means carrying out appraisals and dealing with any performance issues appropriately . The course costs  £545 . I will have to be paid for the full day at  £7.57 which is  £68.13 . I will have to pay for a peak return ticket to London for  £21.10 . The overall cost will be  £634.23. I will be unable to any of my tasks , therefore there will be a loss in productivity. There will be Resentfulness amongst other members of staff who haven’t been chosen to attend the course and become demotivated and less efficient as a result. I will learn which leadership characteristics I need to develop , be able to select motivational ideas with the most potential to motivate and engage the retail assistants . I will be able to motivate the retail sales assistants . Therefore they will be able to give good customer service which means happy customers , they will come more frequently . This will build a better image for Primark. If I was not able to motivate employees, they would eventually find a different job. Demotivated employees give bad customer service so the customers would get annoyed and go to competitors. Once the employee leaves , more will leave increasing the staff turnover which would make it less appealing to work for Primark . Recruitment costs are also very high and this would need to be paid for. Off the job training interview skills course In London with an interviewing expert . Working alongside Human resources manager to co interview potential candidates for the role of retail sales assistant. A ticket to London is  £21.10 . I would have to be paid for the full day at  £7.57 an hour , which is  £68.13 overall . The course costs  £30 . The overall cost is  £119.23. The setting will be more formal and I will take it more seriously . There will be a loss of productivity as I will not be there for the whole day to do my job. There may be resentfulness amongst other members of staff who haven’t been chosen to attend the course and become demotivated and less efficient as a result. I will learn: the equality act 2010 , the cost of recruitment and staff turnover, the causes of poor recruitment, strategies for effective recruitment practice, the stages of recruitment, how to design a job description and person profile, how to analyse application forms and cvs , and interview techniques . I will be able to make sure when I interview a candidate for the role of retail sales assistant I will do it in the best way possible . I will be able to choose the most suitable candidate . I will be able to make sure the candidate is not discriminated against and therefore save costs and the reputation of Primark. If I was unable to interview a candidate appropriately I could ask a question that breaks the equality 2010. This would give Primark a bad reputation and they would be fined. In house training for the 3 Hours The HR manager in a meeting room Providing induction training for new retail sales assistants and making them feel welcome and at ease. No direct costs but I and the HR manager will need to be paid for the 3 hours. The HR manager will get paid  £60 and I will get paid  £22.71. The train journey from London to this Primark branch will need to be paid for which is  £21.10. The overall cost would be  £108.31. Me and the HR manager will not be productive for those 3 hours . The training may disrupt other members of staff and decrease productivity over the whole department. Customers may receive poor customer service as I will be unable to help them. I will be able to provide suitable training for the new retail sales assistants . I will educate employees about the effective use of technology ,ensure that Primark has the competitive edge, promote health and safety, create opportunities for career development and personal growth, helps employees comply with laws and regulations and improve productivity. This is important because this means the employees will give good customer service . If I trained the employees incorrectly they could decide to leave or they could injure themselves because I didn’t mention a health and safety rule. This would mean an employee would be harmed and Primark would have broken the health and safety act and could face fines. If the employees are trained badly they could give poor customer service which would drive the customers away to the competitors , which would lower sales.

Monday, October 14, 2019

Communication Skills in a Diverse Workplace

Communication Skills in a Diverse Workplace The focus of my essay will be on effective communication skills in a diverse workplace, were going to find out the barriers of communication between different cultures, how to improve our communication style/skills and how to become better listeners in order to avoid any lack of communication in the near future interactions. Anybody in a work environment having a good understanding of effective communication skills in a diverse workplace entails will enhance every persons ability to experience a successful and professional work experience. Misinterpretations in the workplace can be rooted from a variety of cultural differences among distinctive ethnic backgrounds. Lack of proper communication skills in diverse workplace can cause many discrepancies among co-workers. People live in an increasingly complex world. Effective communication between Fellow co-workers from different cultural backgrounds ensures a very successful organization. As we already know in todays workplace is very important to be able to communicate we our fellows co-workers. If you ever been around and listened to a monotone person communicate, its hard to understand their feelings on a subject. Unless they incorporate their gestures and tone, we are not going to be able to see their point of view and understand their meanings. We live and work around different cultures which it make us more aware of the different people around us, by dealing with diversity on the daily basic this will help us communicate better in the Workplace as well as personal interactions. We live in a diverse society and career success depends on communicating effectively with people whose customs and values are different (Adler Elmhorst, 2004). There are so many effective way we can use to communicate in the workplace and so many languages that it becomes hard to communicate with other people. Also a person with a strong accent can cause someone who speaks the same langu ages to become confused and misinterpret the meaning of the whole speech. Nevertheless how and where we are raised determine both our verbal and non-verbal language. Also when a person from a different country translate something in their head like from (Spanish to English) it more likely have a different meaning, and thats why we have to know what type of audiences we are dealing with in the workplace and on our everyday life, to become better communicators. Being an effective communicator means interacting with people from various racial, ethnic and cultural backgrounds (Pearson, Nelson, Titsworth, Harter 2003). In today society culture seems to be biggest factor in our communication skills. With United States being as diverse as it is now, we have to learn different ways and style on how to improve our communication skills. United States is habited with so many cultures that its almost impossible to have a single communication without the lack of it. The impact that ethnicity has on individual behavior cannot be ignored. Every day ethnicity influences the experiences we have at work, Diversity needs to be viewed as a competitive advantage and a business opportunity to achieve an inclusive diverse workforce. The problem that can arise from ethnicity is everybody comes from a different background. What one may think is normal can be totally different from what another person thinks. Prejudice is a preconceived judgment about an individual or group of people. Discrimination is unfair or inequitable treatment based on prejudice (Certo, 2008, p130). Minorities of all types of employment find themselves caught between the different lifestyles. There are several options that companies can use to educate people concerning the issues of ethnicity in the workforce. Training about the differences each culture has and the need to obey the rules set-forth by the company and human resources. Human resources are an excellent place to review all the employment laws that affect the workplace diversity. Communication is a solution we thought would benefit all concerning ethnicity in the workplace. Everyone should communicate just how they see, hear and do things that are not the standard. If youre not as caring toward others as you could be, you need to get the focus of yourself (Maxwell, 2009, p109). Communication is the key to bridging the gaps between different lifestyles. It is important to not make assumptions in communications with others, regarding the way ones own words and actions are interpreted (Certo, 2008). Its beneficial that we draw talent and value diversity and enable to attract and value diverse customers. Corporations will succeed when they have an environment that allows employees to work to their full potential. Furthermore your idea might be brilliant but is invaluable and worthless unless you can share it with others and get different point of view. This is the main reason why, effective communication is crucial at every level in any organization. However, to be able to communicate properly and effectively does not come easily to many people especially in diverse organization, and it is a skill that requires practice. Before we even begin walking we start practicing our communication. As a newborn child we communicate by crying, but we slowly learns to mimic our parents speech. A while later, the newborn discovers that certain speech patterns elicit different responses; one of the satisfaction of parenting is trying to decipher the meaning behind certain words. As working adults and on our daily life, one of the golden rules that we should follow is: We need to be able to organize our thoughts in our minds before sharing them with others. This rule involves conveying and comprehending before and during a two-way conversation. One idea often prompts a torrent of others. In order to share your ideas, you must first shape them correctly and coherently. To organize your thought properly is very important, because it creates a pattern for your listener, allowing him or her to grasp the larger picture intuitively. This allows the listener to focus on the details of your message, without struggling to understand how you went from Point A to Point B. Nevertheless, to be a very effective communicator one most speaks in a manner that is not offending to the receiver. When individuals are extremely well- educated in a particular field, they more likely have a tendency to use industry language in conversations or presentations. While this might be comfortable for the expert, it often causes confusion on the part of the listener. If, for example, you are discussing Business Credit Profile, you might be talking about Tradelines, Line Of credit and shelf Corporation. However, unless you are speaking to someone who is equally well- informed about business credit profile, that person will have no idea what you are saying. When we communicate, we need to put ourselves in our listeners shoes. Put yourself on the other side of the table.That way we can have a better feeling of our own words. In a company communication plays the biggest role. Everyone needs to be able to communicate at all time, also its very important to understand what effe ct the various components of communication on our success. As we already know verbal, vocal and visual components are the most important part of any communication. There is no secret whatsoever that todays workplace is growing tremendously, as the business environment expands to include various geographic locations and span numerous cultures. Having so many diversity can also be somewhat difficult to understand and communicate effectively with other fellows co-workers who speak another language or who rely in others meaning to get their point across. Workplace interaction /communication are not easy for everyone. Your workplace is a place where you meet and rely to people from different walks of life and from different cultural background. Sometime Language can be a major barrier to effective communication. However, a communication becomes successful only if the receiver comprehends to the fullest what the sender is trying to deliver in that message. When your message is not clearly comprehended you should expect a lack of communication by creating confusion within your audiences. Plenty of times in business, people forget common courtesy and t act. When you are interacting with co-workers, be prudent of their time and points of view. Always Separate emotion from intellect, and do not be condescending. As a part of the management you need to set an example and never allow anger to overrule reason. Always Conduct yourself in a professional manner in all aspects of you business dealings and treat others with the same respect that you expect yourself. Businesses are facing many challenges today trying to ensure that diversity in their workplace is not a source of conflict, but a foundation of strength. The environment is constantly changing in the workplace. The employers needs change and so does the workers. In today workplace there are great deals of companies that have employees from many different cultures that speak different languages and practice different religions. Companies are responsible to ensure a safe and comfortable environment for their employees, it is also important that every employee play a role in helping to make a diverse environment a comfortable one as well. Many situations occur in diverse workplaces that rely upon good communication. The method of communication can cause conflicts among co-workers. Understanding differences among co-workers of various cultures is a key element to success in the workplace. The success and failures of a business rely on its management. Communication is very essential in our everyday life. We all communicate in a different sort of ways: Talking, sign language, or written words are forms of communication. We can define communication as the exchange of Ideas, opinions, and information through written or spoken words, symbol or by our actions. Communication is the most essential element system on every corporation. All corporations depends everyday on all aspects of communication from verbal to nonverbal to perform their daily business routines. Every corporation also depends on all communications being properly conveyed to ensure that all communications are understood by the respective audience. Communication is important in all levels in any corporation. For example, co-workers may communicate very well amongst themselves when they are from the same culture. Effective ways to do so obviously depend on the environment. Let say that you work in a loud factory that require you to stay in contact with your co- workers, verbal communication would not be the right approach because it could be ineffective due to all the noises, so employees may communicate nonverbally with hand signals, gestures, or facial expressions. When employees need to communicate to management personnel this also can be done verbally in person, or in writing. If any management personnel are trying to communicate in the workers assigned work area, or desired production for the day, verbal communication should work just fine, if important information needs to be communicated, written communication would be the best choice, so there will be no lack of communication. Also, its one of the best forms of communication because it can be delivered uniformly and easily referenced back to. All communication is complex with plenty of room for conflict and misinterpretations. For a corporation to be successful, it must have employees capable of sending and receiving information quickly, clearly, effectively, and error free. Mistakes caused by misinterpretations can cost any corporation thousands of dollars due to missed deadlines, lost time, and wasted product. In order to have effective employee communication in the workplace, we must become better listeners and always put ourselves in their position in order to have good internal communication in the workplace. With a basic understanding of what we do wrong while communicating, one will be able to improve communication skills and recognize communication problems that arise during employee communication in the workplace. Communication plays a big part on our lives whether, emotional, intellectual or social call for communication at some point in our lives. In order to address any issue we might in the workplace we have to communicate. An individuals identity and persona is developed and brought out by our action and interaction with each other via communication. We are not all similarly motivated nor are we all compatible and it is only by way of association that we are able to positively identify with our suitable counterparts. Additionally, for those of us who are so cultured, our belief in the Superior Being, leads us to seek fulfillment of our spiritual needs. As we already know by now Communication is the process of transferring information up, down, and across the network of managers and employees in a corporation and is the key to whether an corporation functions effectively or ineffectively. Some of the challenges for an organization is to make sure their managers are trained accurately on how to properly communicate the organizational needs to their employees so that they serve to improve customer relations, keep employee morale up, build knowledge-sharing throughout the organization, and most importantly, and enhance the companys . Effective communication is very important and a requirement for employing organizational strategies as well as managing day- to-day activities through its employees. Management personnel spend more than three-fourths of their time daily in communicating or exchanging information. In Conclusion: In today Business world, Companies are becoming more diverse each and every day there are people from all over the world working with all kinds of different organization. Different problems can and will always occur with communication: like moral and ethical issues. We also need to remember that everyone does not view the world the same. Employee should know understand the important of each team member background. Trust is widely accepted as a part of communication within employee, not a big part still listening and communication. Great communication always starts at the top. For us to become great communicators we first need to be great listeners.